About Horses: The Hanoverian Breed
History and Origin of the
Breed
from
www.imh.org/imh/bw/hanov.html
|
|
|
|
History and Origin of the Breed
The Hanoverian horse is a warmblood horse which is bred to excel in the equestrian disciplines of jumping, dressage, eventing and driving. The breed originated in northern Germany in the state of Lower Saxony, the former kingdom of Hannover, where a flourishing horse-breeding industry has existed for 400 years. The State Stud was established at Celle in 1735, and the Hanoverian Studbook was officially begun in 1888.
Refining stallions, primarily Thoroughbreds were crossed with domestic mares to improve the quality of horses for cavalry and farming. Through the years the Hanoverian breeding program has adapted to the need for a more athletic riding horse, introducing other breeds as appropriate. The result is the modern Hanoverian horse.
The breed retains the substantial bone, sturdiness and stamina of its heritage: nearly 300 years ago the Hanoverian was bred to serve as a robust carriage and military horse. Since the end of World War II, the breeding goal has been exclusively to produce a versatile performance horse. Breeding stock is carefully selected for correct conformation, athletic ability and inner qualities such as disposition and trainability. The Hanoverian has natural impulsion and light and elastic gaits characterized by a ground-covering walk, a floating trot and a round, rhythmic canter. The success of Hanoverian horses in competition proves the soundness of this breeding program - 13 medals in the 1992 Olympics and four consecutive World Breeding Championships as well as five gold, one silver and two bronze medals in dressage and show jumping at the 1996 Olympics.
Breed Characteristics
Quality performance prospects are the result of the Hanoverian selection process. Each year the American Hanoverian Society organizes a national inspection tour to register foals, inspect and performance test mares and license stallions. In order for a foal to be registered, both the sire and dam must be AHS approved. German and American inspectors evaluate mares for type, conformation and gaits. The Mare Performance Test scores a mare's rideability, gaits and jumping talent. Mares are placed in various sections of the Studbook based on both their overall scores and their dam's Studbook placement. The very best mares can earn the title of Elite Mare upon successfully completing the Mare Performance Test.
All stallion candidates must be presented for physical inspection. If scores on conformation, movement and jumping ability are sufficient, a temporary breeding license is granted. Within two years, stallions must complete and pass the 100-Day Stallion Performance Test that evaluates gaits, trainability and athletic ability in dressage, show jumping and cross-country. Eligibility for breeding is verified annually.
Certain non-Hanoverian mares and stallions are eligible for inspection and entry into the studbook if they meet strict breed and pedigree requirements and attain sufficient scores upon presentation. A horse with only one AHS approved parent (either Main Studbook dam or an Elite Stallion sire) is eligible for a Certificate of Pedigree, which enables participation in the AHS Awards Program.
Selection Criteria
Masculinity/Femininity and
Typiness
Stallions must have a distinctly masculine bearing and mares a
distinctly feminine expression. A horse's type must correspond to the
Society's breeding goal.
Conformation
The main part of the body from the chest to the buttocks should fit into
a rectangular (not square) frame with all parts harmoniously integrated.
Also desired is a noble head with expressive eyes sitting on a well
proportioned and well put on neck.; withers that are pronounced and
extending far back; sloping shoulders with the angle between the scapula
and humerus large and open; a long, broad forearm on a correspondingly
short cannon bone; and straight legs. Also preferred is a strong, but
not tight back that is well padded in the area of the kidney; a long,
well sprung hind rib; and a broad slightly sloping croup. Careful
attention is paid to the hindquarters -- their angulation, proportion
and joint formation. The hocks must be broad, clear and well defined;
the pasterns of all four legs must be of proper slope and length; and
the hooves should be well shaped, strong and sound.
Gaits
Movement as seen from the front and the rear must be straight with no
paddling, winging or crossing over.
Impulsion and Elasticity
Impulsion must clearly emanate from the hindquarters, traveling through
a relaxed back swinging in rhythm with the gait. Movements should be
big, yet light and springy.
Walk
The walk must be ground covering, relaxed and regular. Strides must be
even and footfalls correct in their sequence -- not lateral or pacing.
Freedom of shoulders and haunches and a supple back must be evident.
Overall Impression and
Development
As to size, sound judgement should prevail. Horses should be neither
excessively large nor too small. In all cases height should be in
proportion to the overall build. Harmony is more important than size. A
horse's development must be commensurate with its age.
From the The American Hanoverian Society Corporate Bylaws and Rules of Registration.
Breed Organizations
After discovering the breed's athletic talent and rideability, American competitors began importing Hanoverians and a need arose to continue the German standard of selectivity for the breed in the United States. In 1978, the American Hanoverian Society (AHS) was incorporated for that purpose. Over the years the Society has worked closely with the German Hanoverian Verband (the Verband hannoverscher Warmblutzuechter) inspecting breeding stock, registering horses and licensing and performance testing stallions. In 1995, the AHS assumed full responsibility for breeding Hanoverians in this country. To maintain continuity, the AHS invites representatives of the Vh W to judge breeding stock on the annual inspection tour and to attend the annual business meeting.
